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RFID System Architecture

A typical RFID system is mainly composed of four parts: reader, electronic tag, RFID middleware and application system software. Generally, we collectively call middleware and application software application system.

Basic components of RFID Technology

1. Electronic RFID Tags

Electronic tag, also known as transponder or smart RFID tag, is a miniature wireless transceiver, which is mainly composed of built-in antenna and chip.

2. RFID Reader

RFID reader is a device that captures and processes RFID tag data. It can be an individual or embedded into other systems. RFID reader is also one of the important components of RFID system. Because it can write data to RFID tag, it is called RFID reader.

The hardware part of the reader / writer is usually composed of transceiver, microprocessor, memory, external sensor / actuator, input / output interface of alarm, communication interface, power supply and other components.

3. Controller

The controller is the command center for the orderly operation of the reader chip. Its main functions are: communicating with the application system software; Execute the action instructions sent from the application system software; Control the communication process with the tag; Encoding and decoding of baseband signal; Execute anti-collision algorithm; Encrypting and decrypting the data transmitted between the reader and the tag; Carry out identity authentication between the reader and the electronic tag; Control of keyboard, display device and other external devices. Among them, the most important is the control operation of the reader chip.

4. Reader antenna

It is a kind of device that converts the radiated energy of the traveling wave to the space wave or the space wave of the antenna. In RFID system, antennas are divided into two categories: electronic tag antenna and reader antenna, which undertake the functions of receiving energy and transmitting energy respectively.

5. Communication facilities

Communication facilities provide secure communication connection for different RFID system management, which is an important part of RFID system. Communication facilities include wired or wireless networks and serial communication interfaces between readers or controllers and computers. The wireless network can be a personal area network (Pan) (such as Bluetooth Technology), a local area network (such as 802.11x and WiFi), a wide area network (such as GPRS and 3G Technology) or a satellite communication network (such as the L-band RFID system of synchronous orbit satellite).

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